SQL DBA Interview Questions and Answers

 

SQL Server DBA Interview Questions and Answers

 

  1. What is SQL Server?

    • SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by Microsoft. It is used to store and retrieve data as requested by other software applications.

  2. What is the purpose of the Model Database?

    • The Model database serves as a template for all databases created on the same instance. Any changes made to the Model database will be applied to new databases created on that instance1.

  3. What is Replication in SQL Server?

    • Replication is a set of technologies for copying and distributing data and database objects from one database to another and then synchronizing between databases to maintain consistency1.
  4. What is DBCC?
    • DBCC (Database Console Commands) are a series of commands used to check the physical and logical consistency of a database. Examples include DBCC CHECKDB, DBCC CHECKALLOC, and DBCC SQLPERF1.

  5. What are the different types of backups available in SQL Server?

    • Full Backup, Differential Backup, and Transaction Log Backup. Each type serves a different purpose in terms of data recovery2.

  6. How do you handle database performance issues?

    • Performance issues can be handled by analyzing query execution plans, indexing strategies, monitoring system performance, and using tools like SQL Profiler and Performance Monitor3.

  7. What is a Deadlock and how do you resolve it?

    • A deadlock occurs when two or more sessions permanently block each other. It can be resolved by identifying and terminating one of the sessions involved in the deadlock2.

  8. What is Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)?

    • TDE is a security feature that encrypts SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, and Azure SQL Data Warehouse data files. It helps protect data at rest1.

  9. What are the recovery models in SQL Server?

    • Simple, Full, and Bulk-Logged. These models determine how transactions are logged, whether the transaction log requires (and allows) backing up, and what kinds of restore operations are available1.

  10. How do you monitor SQL Server performance?

    • Performance can be monitored using SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), Dynamic Management Views (DMVs), SQL Profiler, and Performance Monitor3.

 

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